NOTE 7—NOTES PAYABLE

The weighted-average stated interest rate of notes payable was 12% and 8%, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The weighted-average effective interest rate of notes payable for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was 23% and 20%, respectively, after giving effect to discounts relating to warrants, conversion features and deferred financing cost in connection with these notes.

On February 9, 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell and issue to the purchasers thereunder in a private placement pursuant to Rule 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Regulation D thereunder a total of up to $17 million in principal amount of convertible promissory notes of the Company for a purchase price equal to the principal amount thereof. The Company sold and issued approximately $14.5 million of the convertible promissory notes.

Commencing one year from the original issue date, the convertible promissory notes became convertible at the option of the holder into shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial conversion price of $1.48 per share, which equaled the “Average volume-weighted average price” ("Average VWAP") of the Company’s common stock on the effective date. The initial conversion price is subject to adjustment as of the end of each three-month period following the original issue date, commencing May 31, 2021, to equal the Average VWAP as of the end of such three-month period if such Average VWAP is less than the then-conversion price. There is no floor on the conversion price. The conversion price will be subject to further adjustment in the event of a stock split, reverse stock split or certain other events specified in the convertible promissory notes. In January 2023, $500,000 principal amount of the convertible promissory notes was converted into 1,351,351 shares of the Company's common stock. In April 2023, $1 million principal amount of the convertible promissory note was converted into 2,702,702 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2023, the conversion price was $0.13 per share.

The convertible promissory notes bear interest at the rate of 2% per year (10% in case of default), payable semi-annually on the last business day of August and January of each year and will mature on the 3rd anniversary of the original issue date, unless earlier converted or prepaid. The convertible promissory notes are redeemable in whole or in part at the election of the holders. The convertible promissory notes are general, unsecured obligations of the Company. See Note 14 for more information regarding the convertible promissory notes.

The conversion feature of the convertible promissory notes is separately accounted for at fair value as a derivative liability under guidance in ASC 815 that is remeasured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs, with any changes in the fair value of the conversion feature liability recorded in the statements of operations. The following table sets forth the fair value of the conversion feature liability as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

The fair value and any change in fair value of conversion feature liability are determined using a binomial lattice model. The model produces an estimated fair value based on changes in the price of the underlying common stock.

In June 2022, the Company entered into a Business Loan and Security Agreement and Addenda with a third-party lender pursuant to which the lender loaned the Company $1.8 million, which the Company refer to as the “loan amount,” of which the Company received net proceeds of approximately $1.7 million after deduction of the lender’s origination fee but without deduction for other transaction expenses. In August 2022, the Company repaid in full $1.6 million principal of the outstanding balance of the loan and recognized debt extinguishment loss of $422,000.

In July 2022, Dr. Niihara and his wife loaned the Company $370,000, representing the net proceeds of personal loans to them from unaffiliated parties in the principal amount of $402,000. The loan is due and payable in a lump sum on maturity on July 31, 2027 and bears interest at the rate of 12% per annum, payable monthly in arrears. In connection with the loan, the Company granted Dr. Niihara a warrant as described in Note 8. The issuance cost of $32,000 and the fair value of warrant of $84,000 were treated as debt discount and will be amortized over the five-year term of the warrant using effective interest method.

In August 2022, Dr. Niihara and his wife loaned the Company $1,576,574, representing the net proceeds of personal loans to them from unaffiliated third parties in the principal amount of $1,668,751, as well as $250,000 from personal funds. The loans are evidenced by promissory notes, which are due and payable in a lump sum on maturity on August 16, 2027 and bear interest at the rate of 10% per annum, payable monthly in arrears. The foregoing loans were in addition to a $50,000 loan to the Company from Hope International Hospice, Inc., an affiliate of Dr. and Mrs. Niihara, on August 15, 2022, which is evidenced by a demand promissory note of the Company bearing interest at the rate of 10% per annum. The proceeds of the loans were used to prepay $1,924,819 indebtedness of the Company under the Business Loan and Security Agreement.

In September 2022, Seah Lim, M.D., Ph.D., who later became the Company's board of director, loaned the Company $1.2 million, the proceeds of which were used to augment the Company’s working capital. The principal amount of the loan and interest thereon at the rate of 6% per annum, together with 240,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, is due and payable in lump sum on maturity in September 2025. In October 2022, Dr. Lim was appointed as a director of the Company. In accordance with ASC 815, the Company accounted for the right to receive shares as a bifurcated embedded derivative and the embedded derivative is measured at fair value at the inception and subsequently measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in the statements of operations. During the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded $36,000 and $6,000 of change in fair value included in the consolidated statements of operations. In December 2023, the total principal and interest was exchanged for 4,447,426 shares of common stock of the Company valued for this purpose at $0.29 a share.

In July 2022, Emmaus Medical, Inc., or Emmaus Medical, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Standard Merchant Cash Advance Agreement with a third party pursuant to which it sold $816,000 of accounts receivable (the “Receivables Purchased Amount”) in exchange for net proceeds of $516,000. In September 2022, Emmaus Medical and the third party entered into a similar agreement pursuant to which Emmaus Medical sold $694,960 of accounts receivable (the “Receivables Purchased Amount”) for net proceeds of $500,000. In December 2022, both loans were repaid in full and recognized debt extinguishment loss of $79,000 as the Company entered into another agreement discussed below.

In December 2022, the Company entered into an Agreement for the Purchase and Sales of Future Receipts with a third party pursuant to which it sells $3,105,000 of future receipts (the "Purchased Amount") in exchange for net proceeds of $2,300,000. Under the agreement, the Company agrees to pay $103,500 on a semi-monthly basis until the Purchased Amount is delivered. The portion of proceeds were used to prepay indebtedness of the Company under the Standard Merchant Cash Advance Agreements referred to above. In September 2023, the Company repaid in full the outstanding balance of the loan and recognized debt extinguishment loss of $312,000 as the Company entered into another agreement discussed below.

In January 2023, Wei Peu Zen, a Director of the Company loaned the Company the principal amount of $1 million in exchange for a convertible promissory note of the Company. The convertible promissory note is due on demand after one

year from the date of issuance with maturity date on January 18, 2025, bears interest at the annual rate of 10% payable quarterly and is convertible at the option of the holder into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion rate of $0.50 a share, or 2,000,000 shares, subject to adjustment in the event of a stock split, reverse stock split and similar event. The conversion feature was bifurcated and approximately $24,000 of the change in fair value of conversion features were included in the consolidated financial statement as of December 31, 2023. In December 2023, the note was exchanged for 3,760,983 shares of common stock of the Company, valued for this purpose at $0.29 a share. In connection with the exchange, the Company recognized induced conversion expense of approximately $174,000 reflected as debt extinguishment loss in the consolidated statement of operations.

In February 2023, the Company entered into a promissory note agreement with a third party pursuant to which the lender loaned the Company $500,000. The loan is due on demand after two months and on maturity on August 15, 2023. It bears interest at the rate of 5% per month. The Company repaid the note and accrued interest in October 2023.

In March 2023, Dr. Niihara and his wife and Hope International Hospice, Inc. loaned the Company $127,000 and $100,000, respectively. Both loans are due on demand and bear interest at the rate of 10% per annum.

In March 2023, Emmaus Medical entered into Revenue Purchase Agreement with a third party pursuant to which it sold and assigned $700,212 of future receipts (the "Future Receipts") in exchange for net cash proceeds of $491,933. Under the agreement, the Company agreed to pay the third party 4% of weekly sales receipts until the Future Receipts have been collected. In July 2023, Emmaus Medical reentered into a new Revenue Purchase Agreement pursuant to which it sold and assigned $828,000 of future receipt in exchange for repayment of $204,000 indebtedness from the previous agreement and net cash proceeds of approximately $300,000. Under the new agreement, the Company agreed to pay the third party approximately $26,000 weekly until the Future Receipts have been collected. The Company recognized debt extinguishment loss of $81,000. In February 2024, the Company repaid all balance in accordance with the new agreement.

In March 2023, Emmaus Medical entered into Revenue Based Financing Agreement with a third party pursuant to which it sold and assigned $700,212 of future receipt in exchange for net proceeds of $492,132. Under the agreement, the Company agreed to pay the third party approximately $22,000 weekly until the Future Receipts have been collected. In July 2023, Emmaus Medical reentered into a new Revenue Based Financing Agreement pursuant to which it sold and assigned $828,000 of future receipt in exchange for repayment of $222,000 indebtedness under the previous agreement and net cash proceeds of approximately $276,000. Under the new agreement, the Company agreed to pay the third party approximately $26,000 weekly until the Future Receipts have been collected. The Company recognized debt extinguishment loss of $87,000.

In May 2023, Emmaus Medical entered into Sale of Future Receipts Agreement with third party pursuant to which it sold and assigned $528,200 of future receipts (the "Purchased Amount") in exchange for net cash proceeds of $368,600. Under the agreement, the Company agreed to pay the third party approximately $19,000 weekly until the Purchased Amount has been collected. In September 2023, the Company repaid in full the outstanding balance of the loan and recognized debt extinguishment loss of $43,000 as the Company entered into another agreement discussed below.

In June 2023, Emmaus Medical entered into Standard Merchant Cash Advance Agreement with a third party pursuant to which it sold and assigned $877,560 of future receipts (the "Purchased Amount") in exchange for net cash proceeds of $600,000. Under the agreement, the Company agreed to pay the third party approximately $34,000 weekly until the Purchased Amount has been collected. In September 2023, the Company repaid in full the outstanding balance of the loan and recognized debt extinguishment loss of $124,000 as the Company entered into another agreement discussed below.

In September 2023, the Company entered into a Business Loan and Security Agreement with a third-party lender pursuant to which the lender loaned the Company $2.2 million, of which the Company received net proceeds of approximately $2.1 million after deduction of the lender’s origination fee but without deduction for other transaction expenses. Under the agreement, the Company agree to pay the third party approximately $53,000 weekly for 56 weeks, or total amount of $2,970,000. The portion of proceeds were used to prepay indebtedness of the Company under the Agreement for the Purchase and Sales of Future Receipts, the Sales of Future Receipt Agreement, Standard Merchant Cash Advance Agreement referred to above.

In September 2023, Smart Start Investments Limited, of which Wei Pei Zen is a director and 9.96% shareholder, loaned the Company the principal amount of $1 million in exchange for a convertible promissory note of the Company. The convertible promissory note is due on September 5, 2024, bears interest at the annual rate of 10%, payable at maturity, and is convertible at the option of the holder into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion rate of $0.29 a share, subject to adjustment in the event of a stock split, reverse stock split or similar event.

In October 2023, Emmaus Medical entered into Purchase and Sales of Future Receivables Agreement with a third party pursuant to which it sold and assigned $1,377,500 of future receipt (the "Purchased Amount") in exchange for net cash proceeds of $875,000. Under the agreement, the Company agreed to pay the third party approximately $81,000 weekly until the Purchase Amount has collected. In February 2024, the Company repaid all balance in accordance with the agreement.

In November 2023, Emmaus Medical entered into Agreement for the Purchase and Sale of Future Receipts with a third party pursuant to which it sold and assigned $762,200 of future receipts (the "Purchase Amount") in exchange for net cash proceeds of $468,650. Under the agreement, the Company agreed to pay the third party approximately $49,000 weekly until the Purchase Amount has been collected.

In December 2023, Wei Peu Zen, a Director of the Company loaned the Company the principal amount of $700,000. The loan is due in two months and bears interest at the rate of 5% per month. In February 2024, the Company repaid $350,000 in principal plus accrued interest on the loan.

Except as otherwise indicated above, the proceeds of the foregoing loans and other arrangements were used to augment the Company's working capital. See Note 14 for more information regarding notes payable agreements entered subsequent to December 31, 2023.